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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one quite good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the true bill and the imitation one, someone who took the trouble of looking at either of those bills' consecutive numbers would see that they were exactly the same number, and thus one of them had to be false.

This isn't a perfect analogy--we'll explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worthiness of Bitcoin transactions, they are eligible to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was set by Satoshi Nakamoto, and can be a matter of controversy, as some miners think the block size should be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I stated that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will receive paid out.

1MB of transactions can technically be small as 1 transaction (though this is not in any way common) or several thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions consume.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to meet two conditions. One is a matter of effort, one is a matter of luck.

2) You must be the first miner to arrive at the right answer to some numeric problem. This practice is also known as an evidence of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You may have heard that miners are solving challenging mathematical problems--that's not true at all. What they are doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  that is less than or equivalent to the hash.

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The bad news: Because it is guesswork, you need a good deal of computing power in order to get there first. To mine , you need to have a high"hash speed," which is measured in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you could mine along with your mining rig's hash rate, the site Cryptocompare provides a helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a cheap method to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The cards are such rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards into the metal pole.

Case in point : I tell three friends I'm thinking about a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't have to guess the specific number, they just have to be the very first person to guess any number that's less than or equal to the number I am thinking of.

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Let's say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they lose because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There is no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin terms, simultaneous answers occur frequently, but at the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented which can be check this site out equivalent to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will decide by a simple majority--51%--that miner to honour. Typically, it's the miner that has done the most work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block." .

Now imagine I pose the"guess what number I'm thinking of" question, however I am not asking only 3 friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of prospective miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it is going to be quite difficult to guess the ideal answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand up to now. As you probably noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let us unpack the word"hexadecimal."

As you know, we use the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 possibilities, 0-9.